CNC machining technology

2023-12-29 16:17:04

1. Parts processing accuracy

The Machining accuracy of parts refers to the degree of conformity between the actual geometric parameters and the ideal geometric parameters after the parts are processed. In order to achieve higher parts processing accuracy, it is necessary to consider the following aspects:

(1) Minimize the number of clamping, and try to complete all surface processing under one clamping, which is conducive to ensuring the machining accuracy of the workpiece.

(2) According to the shape and size of the parts, reasonable selection of Machine tools and tools to ensure the stability and accuracy of the processing process.

(3) Compensation for the tool, including tool length compensation and tool radius compensation. The effect of tool error on machining accuracy can be effectively reduced by compensation.

(4) The use of advanced processing technology, such as CNC machining, precision forging, precision Casting, vacuum forming, etc., these technologies can improve processing accuracy and production efficiency.

2. Surface quality

Surface quality refers to the roughness of the surface of a part and the physical and mechanical properties of the surface layer. In order to improve the surface quality of parts, it is necessary to consider the following aspects:

(1) Reasonable selection of tool geometry to avoid vibration and impact during processing to ensure surface roughness.

(2) Reasonable control of cutting speed and feed speed to reduce surface roughness.

(3) The use of rolling, Grinding and other processing methods can effectively improve the surface roughness and reduce the surface residual stress.

(4) The use of ultra-precision cutting, grinding and other processing methods can improve surface quality, reduce surface residual stress, improve surface hardness and reduce surface deformation.

3. Dimensional accuracy and matching accuracy

Dimensional accuracy and fit accuracy are important factors to be considered in precision machining. In order to achieve higher dimensional accuracy and fit accuracy, it is necessary to consider from the following aspects:

(1) The use of advanced measuring equipment and measuring methods, such as coordinate measuring instrument, laser interferometer, etc., to improve the measurement accuracy and measurement efficiency.

(2) Heat treatment and aging treatment of the workpiece to improve its stability and reduce dimensional changes.

(3) Computer simulation and optimization of the machining process to predict and control possible errors in the machining process.

(4) Adopt a modular tool system to improve the interchangeability and repeatability of the tool. For example, HSK shank and tool, BTM shank and tool are used.

Step 4: Stability

Stability refers to the ability of the workpiece to resist deformation during processing. In order to improve the stability of the workpiece, it is necessary to consider the following aspects:

(1) Reasonable selection of the grade and heat treatment state of the material to improve the strength and stiffness of the workpiece.

(2) The strength and stiffness of the workpiece are checked by finite element analysis and other methods to predict the deformation amount and deformation direction of the workpiece during processing.

(3) Auxiliary support and fixing of the workpiece in the processing process to reduce the deformation and deformation direction of the workpiece. For example, the use of auxiliary support nails, fixtures, etc., to fix the workpiece.